On the utilitarianism
In yesterday’s class, I was lecturing on four approaches in dealing with distributive justice of science and technology policy, namely: utilitarian, libertarian, (John) Rawl’s contractarian, and communitarian. Of course I talked more about the dominant, if implicit, distributional framework of ST policy, which is utilitarian one, with the reading from Cozzens. We know that in the utilitarian view, a distributional system is justified as long as it increases total happiness for the group, not among the individuals. Utilitarianists argue that what they advocate contributes to economic growth and the solution of major societal problems, and then let other areas of policy (social one) worry about whether the benefits are distributed equally or not, or whether everybody get benefit or not — they ‘grow the pie’ someone else cuts it.
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